Sorry Aleksej, but I think you can add an uplift for selected countries under each shipping option. Its a lot of work to find out the real costs from each shipping company for dedicated countries, but in principle its possible.

"Sorry Aleksej, but I think you can add an uplift for selected countries under each shipping option." - Yes. That's why I wrote: "You can set the price for shipping to a specific country.".
But we can't set something like this:

Country 1
Product weight >= 10 ($10)
Product weight >= 20 ($20)
Product weight >= 30 ($30)

Country 2
Product weight >= 10 ($15)
Product weight >= 20 ($25)
Product weight >= 30 ($35)

Or am I misunderstanding something?

Hello Aleksej, your example could work, if you set +5 $ for Country 2, because the price difference between the base price is always the same. It doesn't work anymore, if you need a different price gap per weight and per country like:

Country 2
Product weight >= 10 ($15)
Product weight >= 20 ($27)
Product weight >= 30 ($45)

But one option is better then nothing. 

Thanks for the help.  I currently am building the shopping cart to charger per weight.  I will keep building this way.  I was hoping there was a plug-in to buy that would calculate actual shipping rates from USPS or FedEx.  I appreciate all the responses.

"It doesn't work anymore, if you need a different price gap per weight and per country like" - That's exactly what I thought. In the example, I unsuccessfully showed the same difference.